Altitude Sickness
What is Altitude Sickness?
Altitude sickness, known in Peru as soroche, apunamiento, or puna, occurs when the body struggles to adapt to lower oxygen levels at high elevations. The atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude, meaning air density varies. At higher altitudes, your lungs transmit less oxygen to your blood, leading to hypoxia and the first symptoms of altitude sickness.
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, shortness of breath, elevated heart rate, and sleep disturbances. At extreme altitudes, it can be fatal. Early symptoms should be addressed promptly.
Impact on Your Trip to Machu Picchu
Newcomers to high altitudes, especially those from sea level, may experience altitude sickness in Cusco. Symptoms can affect the enjoyment of your trip and should not be taken lightly. Studies show that individuals under fifty and those who practice cardiovascular sports may be more susceptible.
Prevention Tips
- Acclimatization: Gradually adjust to higher altitudes. Avoid rapid ascents.
- Early Action: Rest if symptoms appear.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water.
- Remedies: Anti-inflammatory drugs can help, but coca leaf consumption (as tea or chewed) is effective and safe.
- Avoid Alcohol and Tobacco: These can worsen symptoms.